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 It is institutionalised because it is based on legitimacy.

 Max Weber has distinguished three types of Authority:

a) Traditional Authority- Power is legitimated by ancient custom.Ex- Kings

b) Rational- Legal Authority- Power is legitimated by explicit rules and procedures. It
stresses government laws.
c) Charismatic Authority- Extra ordinary quality, having „Charisma‟. Ex- Jesus Christ, Hitler,
Alexander etc.

Stateless Society

 A Stateless is a society that is not governed by a state.

 A Stateless Society is one that has no specialized political roles.

 According to Cultural anthropology, a state society denotes a more complex human
community with a government.
 A Stateless society denotes a less complex human community without a state such as a
tribe, a clan etc.

State:

 A State exists where there is a political apparatus of government ruling over a given
territory.

 Government authority is run by a legal system and by the capacity to use military force to
implement its policies.

Two perspectives

 Functionalist Perspective-

According to Functionalist perspective, State as represents the interests of all sections of
society.

 Conflict Perspective-

According to Conflict perspective, State as represents the dominant sections of society.

Modern State:
 Modern state has a fixed structure and formal procedures.

 These states are defined by sovereignty, citizenship and the idea of nationalism.

1) Sovereignty-

 It refers to the undisputed political rule of a state over a given territorial area.

 Sovereign state in which citizenship carried with it rights of political participation.