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SAI International School
Subject- Biology, Class X
Chapter- How do Organisms Reproduce?
Subtopic- Regeneration, Budding, Vegetative Propagation,
Spore Formation
Module-19
Lesson notes

Regeneration

 Regeneration is the process of growing back the lost organ or body part by
the organism. E.g., Planaria and Hydra can be cut into pieces, and each piece
can regenerate into a complete organism.

 Specialized cells at the location of the wound site proliferate to form a mass of
cells (regenerative cells) that will differentiate into different cells to become
various cell types and tissues and regenerate the missing parts of the piece
of the cut organism.

 These changes take place in an organised sequence referred to as
development. However, regeneration is not the same as reproduction, since
most organisms would not normally depend on being cut up to be able to
reproduce.

Difference between Fragmentation and Regeneration

Fragmentation Regeneration

1. It is a form of asexual reproduction It is the ability of an organism to regenerate
when organisms reproduce by breaking its lost parts of the body which have been
of their bodies into small pieces upon removed by injury or accident.
maturation.
2. No specific cells are needed for Regeneration is carried out by the
fragmentation. presence of specialised stem cells called
neoblasts which divide to form mass of
cells which further differentiate to form
different tissues.
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