Page 3 - Lesson Note 3
P. 3
• People have a wide range of needs like physiological needs, social needs, safety
needs, esteem needs and self actualization needs which motivate them to work.
• The manager must understand the needs and wants of people in order to
motivate them and improve their performance levels.
• For the satisfaction of these needs, managers must offer different incentives
(monetary and non-monetary).
Needs Are:
(i) Basic Physiological Needs: These needs are most basic in the hierarchy and
correspond to primary needs. Hunger, thirst, shelter, sleep and sex are some
examples of these needs. In the organizational context, basic salary helps to
satisfy these needs.
(ii) Safety/Security Needs: These needs provide security and protection from
physical and emotional harm. Examples: job security, stability of income, Pension
plans etc.,
(iii) Affiliation/Belonging Needs: These needs refer to affection, sense of
belongingness, acceptance and friendship.
(iv) Esteem Needs: These include factors such as self-respect, autonomy status,
recognition and attention.
(v) Self Actualization Needs: It is the highest level of need in the hierarchy. It
refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming. These needs
include growth, self-fulfillment and achievement of goals.
Maslow’s theory is based on the following assumptions:
