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association

6. Community sentiment is an 6. Community sentiment is not an

essential feature essential feature.

7. It is not a necessity to have office 7. It has got its office bearer to

bearers who manage the affairs manage the affairs

8. It works through customs and 8. It works through written laws and
traditions rules.

Differences between In-group and Out-group:

In Group Out Group

1. The group with which an individual 1. A group to which an individual feels

identifies himself/ herself, has a sense individual has no series of
of belonging with. belonging/identification.

2. It is a ‘we-group’ 2. It is a ‘they group’

3. There is a sense of attachment members 3. There is a sense of indifference and at

of in-group times may be even hostility towards
members of out group.

Reference Group

It is that group to which we do not belong but we aspire to be like them

and therefore we try to emulate their lifestyle. For example For many
Indian youths, Americans or Bollywood stars are a reference group

Peer Group