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(iii) Land pollution: Dumping of toxic wastes on land causes land pollution. This

damages the quality of land making it unfit for agriculture or plantation.

Restoring the quality of the land that has already been damaged is a big

problem.

(iv) Noise pollution: Noise caused by the running of factories and vehicles is

not merely a source of annoyance but is also a serious health hazard. Noise

pollution can be responsible for many diseases like loss of hearing,

malfunctioning of the heart and mental disorder.

Need for Pollution Control

The amount of damage to a particular medium (air, water, land) varies according

to the type of pollutant, the amount of pollutant disposed of, and the distance

from the source of pollution. People are now raising their voice loudly against

pollution generating activities. Business enterprises cannot remain unaffected by

environmental destruction. They need to take suitable measures for pollution

control not merely to avoid criticisms against them but also to enjoy other

benefits of such measures.

Some of the important reasons which make a case for pollution control are as

follows:

(i) Reduction of health hazards: There is increasing evidence that many

diseases like cancer, heart attacks and lung complications are caused by

pollutants in the environment. Pollution control measures can not only

check the seriousness of such diseases but can also be supportive of a

healthy life on earth.

(ii) Reduced risk of liability: It is possible that an enterprise is held liable to

pay compensation to people affected by the toxicity of gaseous, liquid and