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- In the case of soaps, the carbon chain dissolves in oil and the ionic end

dissolvesin water.

- The cleansing action of soap is based on the following principle-

(1) Hydrophobic end of soap(hydrocarbon chain), attracts dirt and grease.
(2) Hydrophilicend(ionic head) remains dissolved in water.

- When soap is mixed with water, the ionic head dissolves in water, but the
hydrocarbon chains remains undissolved.
- As the like chargedionic heads repel each other, but the hydrocarbon
chainsremain together, they arrange themselves radially forming a micelle,
- Ina micelle, thehydrophobic end is towards the oil droplet, pointing
inwards, and the hydrophilic headfaces outwards.

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