Page 2 - 2. Lesson notes - Organisms and their surroundings

Biotic components -

All living organisms, in an environment, are known as biological or biotic components. E.g.
Plants, animals, and microbes.

Abiotic components –

All the other non-living components in the environment are known as physical or abiotic
components. Examples of the Sun, temperature, soil, water, air. etc

BIOTIC AND BIOTIC INTERACTION

The biotic components are dependent on each other for food.

Example-
• Animals depend on green plants and other animals for food.
• The animal waste and dead bodies on decomposition add nutrients to the soil.
• These nutrients are taken up by plants through their roots. In this way, animals
provide minerals to plants for their growth.

BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC INTERACTION

The biotic and abiotic components interact with each other continuously. The abiotic
components are shared by the biotic components.

Example-

• Both plants and animals need air to respire.
• All living organisms need water.
• Plants need air, water, and sunlight for photosynthesis.
• Plants need soil to grow.
• Plants and animals both need suitable temperature conditions to survive.

HABITAT

A habitat is a place in the environment where a living organism lives and grows naturally.

It provides suitable living conditions-food, temperature, shelter, and climatic conditions for
an organism to survive.

It's a natural home of plants (flora) and an animal (fauna).

Example-

The natural habitat of a tiger is in the forest and not a zoo. The forest provides a tiger with
animals that it can hunt for eating, shady trees, and plants for it to hide as well as take
rest.and suitable climatic conditions with sunlight and rain.