Page 13 - 8.4 JOINTS
P. 13

:
                           GLI
                           GLI
                                              I
                                              I
                                                                                        :
                                                 NG JOI
                                         D
                                         D
                                                                             NT
                                                                             NT
                                                 NG JOI
                 4.
                 4.        GLI           D    I  NG JOI                      NT         :
                 4.
                 4. GLIDING JOINT:
                          d
                          d
                          d
                                      o
                                                                             w
                                      o
                                      o
                                                                             w
                              n

                                                                             w
                                                  a
                                                                 o
                        i
                                                                                n
                                                                                n
                                                                                n
                        i
                                                    r
                                                          a
                                                          a
                        i
                                                    r
                                                    r

                                                                       n

                            i
                                                                       n
                                                                       n

                              n
                                    j
                                    j
                                    j
                              n
                            i
                            i
                                                          a
                                                      e

                                                                     k
                                                      e
                                                                          o
                                                                          o
                                                                          o
                                                                     k


                                                                     k
                                                      e


                                g
                                g
                                                              s

                                                                                           a


                    G
                    G
                                                             l
                    G
                                                                                       s
                                                                                       s
                                                                                       s
                                                                                           a
                                            t


                                g
                  • •Gliding joints are also known as a
                                                              s
                                                              s
                                              s
                                              s
                                                                                           a
                                              s

                                            t
                                            t
                                                             l
                                                                 o
                       l
                       l



                       l
                                        i
                                        i
                                                  a
                                                                 o
                                                  a
                                        i
                                                                                    a
                                                                                    a
                                                                                    a

                                          n
                                          n
                                          n
                                                             l


                                                            n
                                 o
                                                            n
                                                           i
                                                           i
                                                           i
                                                            n
                                         .
                                         .
                                               h
                                         .
                                                  i
                                                  i
                                                  i
                                               h
                                            T
                                            T
                                            T

                                               h


                                                       j
                                                       j
                                     n
                                                        o
                                    i
                                                        o
                                                        o
                                                       j
                                                   s
                                                   s
                                                   s
                                       t



                                                               t
                                                                                    t
                                                                                    t
                                                                                    t
                      a
                                                                         mi
                         n
                                                                    e
                                                                                      w
                     l
                                                                    e
                                                                    e
                                                                         mi
                           e
                                                                         mi
                                                                                s
                                                                                s
                                                                                s

                                                                       r
                                                                       r
                                                                       r





                                                                              t
                                j


                                                               t
                  plane joint. This joint permits two
                                                               t
                                                                              t
                                                                              t
                  p

                                                                  p
                                                                                      w
                                                                  p
                                                                  p
                                                                                      w
                                                                                         o
                                                                                         o

                                                                                         o
                                                                               t
                                                  o
                        mo
                                              d
                     r
                                            n
                  or more round or flat bones to
                  o

                                                                                 o


                                         u
                                                     r
                                                                 b
                                                                         e
                                                                   o
                               r
                                                        f

                                                           a
                                                                      n
                                    r

                                                          l
                                e
                                      o

                                                                           s
                                                              t

                                                                                      n
                                                                 w
                                               o
                                               o
                                                                 w
                                                                                        y

                                             t

                                                              r
                                                              r
                                             t
                                                           e
                                                                                        y
                                                           e


                                                                                      n
                                                       t
                                                                                t
                                                                          o

                                                                        h
                                                       t
                                                                             u
                                                    e
                                                                             u
                                                                                t
                                                                          o
                                                    e
                                                        h
                                                                                   a
                                                                                   a
                                                                     i
                                                        h
                                                                     i
                                                                      t
                                                                        h

                                                                      t
                                                 g
                                                 g
                                         y
                                 r
                                  e
                                         y
                                 r
                               f
                               f


                                     e
                         v
                         v
                                     e
                                        l
                           e
                                  e
                                        l
                           e
                  move freely together without any
                  mo
                  mo     v e    f r e e l y   t o g e  t h e  r   w  i t h o u  t   a n y

                  mo

                  r
                                                                 f
                                       r
                         b
                  rubbing or crushing of bones.

                                                              o
                                                                       o

                            i
                                                 s
                                                          g
                       b
                                    o

                                                                         n
                                                    h
                                                        n
                                                                                 .
                                                                            e

                                                      i
                                              u
                                          c
                    u
                             n
                                             r
                                                                               s
                                g
                                                                    b
                                                          l
                                            s
                           i
                                j
                                                                    u
                                                                         d
                                           i
                                        t
                                                        n


                                     n

                  • • This joint is mainly found in
                                                                 o
                                    i
                        h
                                                                f
                            s
                                                            y

                     T

                                                                      n

                                 o
                                                ma
                                                                               n
                                                       i
                                                                             i
                  t h  o s  e   r e g  i o n  s   w  h  e  r e   t h e    t w o
                  those regions where the two
                                                      s
                                                                            n
                                                      s
                          e
                          e
                                                                              s
                                                                  a
                                                              e
                             s
                                                                     g
                                 me
                                                                  a
                                                              e



                                                                     g
                             s

                                                                          i
                                                                          i
                                                          i
                                                                            n
                                                         l
                                                         l
                                                            d
                                                                        a
                                 me
                                                          i
                                                                        a
                                                            d
                                                                                    o
                                                  d
                                                  d
                                                                                    o
                                                n
                     o
                     o
                                       e
                                       e
                                                                                 t
                        n


                        n
                                                n
                  b b b o n e s   me   e  t   a n d    s l i d e   a g  a i n s  t   o n e
                  bones meet and slide against one
                                             a




                                          t
                                                                                       n
                                                                                       n
                                          t
                                             a
                                                                                         e
                                                                                         e
                                                                                 t


                                                                              s
                                          a
                                          a
                                               y
                                               y
                                                                     r
                                    i
                                                                     r
                                    i

                                                                       e
                                                                       e
                            h
                     n
                                                                                     s
                                                                                     s

                                                             e
                                                             e
                                            n
                                                      f
                                            n
                                                                               o
                                                                               o
                                                                 d
                                                                 d
                               e
                                                      f
                               e
                                                                    i

                                      n
                                      n
                                                                              i
                  a a a n o t h e r   i n   a n y   o f   t h e   d i r e c t i o n  s .
                                                                              i
                  another in any of the directions.

                                                                    i
                                                          h
                          t
                          t
                                                          h



                                                                          c
                                                   o
                                                   o
                                                                                  n
                                                                                  n
                                                                          c
                                                                            t
                                                                            t
                            h

                                                         t

                        o
                        o
                                 r
                                 r
                                                         t

                     n


                                                                    c

                          y
                                                                            o
                              a
                              a
                                                                          t
                                                                          t
                                                                            o
                          y

                                                                                     n
                                                                                   e
                                                                                   e
                                                                      k
                                                                                     n
                                                                                b
                        e
                                                                                b
                     h
                     h

                        e
                                                                                        d
                  They also allow the back to bend
                                                                    c
                  T T T h e y   a l s o   a l l o w   t h e    b a  c k    t o   b e n  d
                                                                      k


                                                                                        d

                                 l
                                                              b
                                             l
                                 l
                                                      t
                                                      t



                                             l
                                                              b

                                              o
                                                        h
                                                        h
                                              o
                                                          e
                                                          e
                                     o


                                  s
                                  s
                                     o
                                                                 a
                                         a
                                                                 a
                                           l
                                                 w
                                         a
                                           l
                                                 w
                                     t

                                  s
                                 i
                            t
                             w
                        d
                                       .
                     n
                  and twist.
                  a
                                         r
                                                                                        t
                                                                          l

                                         r
                                                                                        t

                     T

                  • • The lower leg to the ankle joint
                                                                            e
                                                                            e
                                         r
                                                                            e
                                                                                    i

                                                                                    i

                                                                                    i
                                                      o
                                      e
                                                    t
                                                    t
                                      e
                                      e
                                                                                     n
                                                g



                                                                                 o
                                                    t
                                                                                 o
                                                                                 o
                                                      o
                                                g
                                                      o
                                                                                        t



                                                                                     n
                                                                                j
                        h
                                                                                     n
                                                                                j
                                                                                j
                                                g
                                                                          l
                                                            h
                               l
                                                                        k
                                                            h
                                                            h
                                o
                                  w
                                            l

                                                                        k
                                                                        k
                               l
                                                              e
                                                                     n
                                                              e
                                                                     n
                                                                     n
                                                              e
                                             e
                                             e
                                o

                                o
                                             e

                                                          t

                                                          t
                                            l


                                                          t
                                  w
                           e

                                                                          l
                                                                  a
                                                                  a
                                            l

                               l
                                                                  a
                                  w


                                                                                    a
                                                                                    a
                        d
                                                                                 t
                                                                                    a

                                                                  i
                                        r
                                                                   s
                                                 m

                                e
                             h
                     n
                                                                r
                                               r
                                                                         j
                            t
                                                                             i
                                          e
                                                       t
                                                                              n
                                                            w



                                                                                        e
                                                                                        e
                                                                          o
                                                                                        e

                  and the forearm to wrist joint are
                  a
                                                        o
                                    f
                                                                                       r
                                                                                       r
                                                                                       r
                                     o
                                                                      t
                                             a
                                                                                        g
                                                e
                                                                                        g
                                           i
                                                                                      n
                                                                                      n

                    h

                                                                                      n
                                                e
                                                                                        g
                                            n
                                            n
                                            n
                  t t t
                    h

                                           i
                                           i

                  the two main examples of gliding
                                                e


                    h
                                                                                    i
                                                                         f
                           t
                                                                         f
                                                                         f
                                                                       o
                                                                       o
                           t
                            w
                           t


                                                        mp
                                                        mp




                                                                       o
                                                                e
                                                                e
                                o
                                o
                                                                   s
                                                                   s
                                                                e
                                                                   s
                                                               l
                            w

                                o
                            w
                                                               l
                                                               l


                                                                                i
                                                                                i
                                                                                  d
                                                                                  d
                                                     a
                                                                               l
                                                                                i
                                                     a
                                                                                  d
                       e
                       e
                                                                                    i
                                                                                    i
                                                   x
                                                   x
                       e
                                                   x
                                    ma
                                    ma


                                    ma
                                                                            g
                                                        mp
                                                                            g
                                                                            g
                                                     a
                                                                               l
                                                                               l

                      i
                            s
                              .
                          t
                        n
                  j
                    o
                  joints.
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