Page 3 - PSYCHOLOGY AND SPORTS NOTES.docx

Anxiety (also called angst or worry) is a psychological and physiological state
characterized by somatic, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral components. It is the
displeasing feeling of fear and concern. The root meaning of the word anxiety is ‘to
vex or trouble’; in either presence or absence of psychological stress, anxiety can
create feelings of fear, worry, uneasiness, and dread.
Anxiety in sports is a natural reaction to threat in environment & part preparation
of fight response. It is a psychological phenomenon.
Management of Anxiety :- Anxiety can be managed through various techniques
such as (i) Deep breathing (ii) Drink water (iii) Follow advice (iv) Psychological balance
(v) Warming-up (vi) No criticism (vii) Focus your target (viii) Sufficient practice (ix) Self
confidence (x) Encouragement,
Personality its traits and types
Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psycho
physical systems which determine his unique adjustment to his environment.
Personality is not static but a dynamic concept. It is continuously chaning and
growing. Children may have identical environment. They may have similar
experiences but they react to the same environment in different way.
Personality is a very important factor in games and sports as it influence the
performance of individual by his/her level of cognition, motivation, traits and
behavior.

Types of Personality Introverts:- Introverts are shy, self conscious quit retiring
interested in the own thoughts and feelings, inclined to worry and easily upset.
Extroverts:- Extroverts are social, open frank, outgoing, eager to do thing adaptable,
not easily worried or embarrassed and willing to work with others.
Ambiverts:- In ambiverts both the characteristics of introverts and extroverts are
found. In every person mostly both the characteristics are found through one of
them may be predominant. Sports play a very important role in personality
development. They improve the following qualities. (a) Self concept (b) Mental
toughness (c) Emotional stability (d) Quick Decision (e) Planning (Points to be
explained) Sports and games play an important role in the development of human
personality. They are no less important than food and fresh water. Games and sports
help to combat anxiety, depression and stress. Sports train sportsmen to accept
defeat gracefully and to move on.
Traits of personality
Openness : persons wh like to lear new things, new concepts and enjoy new
experiences usually remain on the top in openness. It inclues traits like being
imaginative, insightful, and having a variety of interests.

a) Conscientiousness: Persons who have a high degree of conscientiousness are
reliable and prompt. Such persons remain organized, systematic, laborious and
complete in all respects.