Page 2 - Lesson Note 7

Communication is transfer of information from the sender to the receiver with

the information being understood by the receiver.
Harold Koontz and HenizWeihrich

Communication is a process by which people create and share information with

one another in order to reach common understanding.
Rogers

A close examination of above definitions reveals that communication is the

process of exchange of information between two or more persons to reach
common understanding.
Elements of Communication Process

Communication has been defined as a process. This process involves elements like

source, encoding, media/channel, receiver, decoding, noise and feedback. The
process is represented in the figure. The elements involved in communication

process are explained below:
(i) Sender: Sender means person who conveys his thoughts or ideas to the

receiver. The sender represents source of communication.
(ii) Message: It is the content of ideas, feelings, suggestions, order etc., intended
to be communicated.

(iii) Encoding: It is the process of converting the message into communication
symbols such as words, pictures, gestures etc.,

(iv) Media: It is the path through which encoded message is transmitted to
receiver. The channel may be in written form, face to face, phone call, internet

etc.,
(v) Decoding: It is the process of converting encoded symbols of the sender.

(vi) Receiver: The person who receives communication of the sender.
(vii) Feedback: It includes all those actions of receiver indicating that he has

received and understood message of sender.
(viii) Noise: Noise means some obstruction or hindrance to communication. This

hindrance may be caused to sender, message or receiver. Some examples of noise
are: