Page 6 - Lesson Note
P. 6

literacy level.


               Rural-Urban Differences
               • There is migration from rural areas to urban areas as there are better job opportunities etc.
               • 68.8% of our population still lives in rural areas.
               • Though agriculture is the main activity in rural areas, there are many non- agricultural
               activities, such as post office, teaching, small businesses, transport and communication.



               • Reasons for migration from rural to urban areas:
               Mass media is responsible for making the rural area aware of the urban area and one of the
               causes of migration from rural to urban.
               Many resources of the rural areas is being taken away. Such as rivers drying up, I
               land due to construction is making them move to urban areas. „
               In urban areas there is anonymity and no one cares about caste etc.
               People who are not educated can pick up any job they like in urban areas.
               • Metropolis: City with infrastructure and the suburbs are different.
               • Megapolis: City with infrastructure and the suburbs are included, for example, NCR.
               Population Policy of India
               • In 1952 the National Family Planning Programme (NFPP) was introduced.
               • It tried to influence the rate and pattern of population in socially desirable direction.
               • Its objectives were:
               Population should be controlled and awareness should be spread in a way which is socially
               desirable.
               Control the birth/reduce birth rate through birth control methods.
               • During emergency by Indira Gandhi (1975-76) All fundamental rights are taken away. Press
               was censored.
               Anybody could be put in jail without a trial.
               Mass sterilization programme was introduced by Sanjay Gandhi, the younger son of the then
               prime minister of India Mrs. Indira Gandhi to control population.
               In this tubectomy was performed for women and vasectomy for men was conducted in a very
               haphazard manner.
               All government teachers, doctors were under a lot of stress due to the mass sterilization
               camp.
               It was renewed as National Family Welfare Programme (NFWP).
               In this people could only be sterilized if the people agree to do it and their signature was
               needed .
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