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  Chemical Industries

               Main Features

                     The Chemical industry in India is fast growing anddiversifying. It contributes
                       approximately 3 per cent of theGDP.
                     It is the third largest in Asia and occupies the twelfth placein the world in term of its size.
                     It comprises both large and small scale manufacturingunits. Rapid growth has been
                       recorded in both inorganicand organic sectors.
                     Inorganic chemicals include sulphuric acid (used tomanufacture fertilisers, synthetic
                       fibres, plastics,
                       adhesives, paints, dyes stuffs), nitric acid, alkalies, sodaash (used to make glass, soaps
                       and detergents, paper)and caustic soda.

               These industries are widely spread over the country. Why do you think it is so?

                     Organic chemicals include petrochemicals, which areused for manufacturing of synthetic
                       fibers, syntheticrubber, plastics, dye-stuffs, drugs and pharmaceuticals.
               Organic chemical plants are located near oil refineries or petrochemical plants. Why?

               The chemical industry is its own largest consumer. Why?

               Because basic chemicals undergo processing tofurther produce other chemicals that are used
               for
               industrial application, agriculture or directly forconsumer markets.

               Describe any three features of chemical industries.

                     Fertiliser Industry

                     The fertiliser industry is centered around the production of nitrogenous fertilisers (mainly
                       urea), phosphaticfertilisers and ammonium phosphate (DAP) and complex fertilisers
                       which have a combination of nitrogen (N),phosphate (P), and potash (K).
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