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Let us find: 3 ÷ 10

3
=
10

= 0.3 ( 0.3 is a decimal number which is not a whole number).

we conclude that division of whole numbers are not only whole numbers but also can be a
fraction or can be a decimal number also.

Whole numbers are not closed under division .

Let us find: 8 ÷ 0 ( which is not defined).


Division of any whole number by zero is not defined.

 Commutative Property of Addition and Multiplication:

The sum and product of two whole numbers will be the same whatever the order they are
added or multiplied.

 Explanation: Addition : [ Take Two whole numbers 10 and 6 ]

10 + 6 = 16 ( Ist place 10 and 2nd place 6)

6 + 10 = 16 ( Ist place 6 and 2nd place 10)

We have added 10 and 6 together by changing their places or changing their order, but in
each case we got the same result i.e. 16.

Multiplication : [ Take Two whole numbers 5 and 10 ]

5 × 10 = 50 ( Ist place 5 and 2nd place 10)

10 × 5 = 50 ( Ist place 10 and 2nd place 5)

We have multiplied 5 and 10 together by changing their places or changing their order, but in
each case we got the same result i.e. 50.

 we conclude that addition and multiplication are commutative for whole numbers.

 Associative Property of Addition and Multiplication

Whole numbers can be added or multiplied as a group, they can be grouped in any order, and
the result will be the same,

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