Page 7 - Microsoft Word - HA 1

Dependent Clauses

Types of clauses Subordinators Examples

what, where, why, how, He knows that his business will
1. Noun clauses where, when, who be successful.
whom, which, whose, That there is a hole in the ozone
whether, that, if layer of the earth’s atmosphere
is well known.

who, whom, which, Men who are not married are

2. Adjective clauses whose, that, where, called bachelors.
when Last year we traveled to San
Francisco, which is famous for
its architecture.
a. time when, before, after, When he won the money, he
until, since, as soon as decided to buy a car.

b. place where, wherever She drove wherever she wanted.

c. cause because, as, since She got a parking ticket because
she parked illegally.
3. Adverb clauses
d. purpose so that, in order that He drove fast so that he could
get to work on time.

e. result so ... that, such ... that He drove so fast that he got a
speeding ticket.

f. condition if, unless If she hadn’t won the lottery,
she would have been very
unhappy.

g. concession although, even though Although she thought she was a
good driver, she got a lot of
tickets for speeding.

Punctuation marking

With noun clauses, no commas are used.
Adjective restrictive clauses are not separated by commas, but with adjective
descriptive clauses commas are used.
Adverb clauses that come before the independent clause are followed by a comma, but if
they come after the independent clause, no comma is used.