Page 7 - 2. Lesson Notes- Infectious Disease

Trypanosoma Skin (Infected tsetse fly Brain and spinal Sleeping sickness

bite) cord
Round worm Mouth Small intestine Ascariasis

(Ascaris)

Bacteria Mouth Intestinal tract Typhoid
(Salmonella typhi)

• Inflammation is the immune system's response to harmful stimuli, such as

pathogens, damaged cells, toxic compounds, or irradiation, and acts by removing
injurious stimuli and initiating the healing process. Inflammation is therefore a

defense mechanism that is vital to health.
• The inflammatory response (inflammation) occurs when tissues are injured by

bacteria, trauma, toxins, heat, or any other cause.

• The damaged cells release chemicals including histamine, bradykinin, and
prostaglandins. These chemicals cause blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues,

causing swelling.