Page 4 - Notes and MindMap

 Rita wrote a letter. (Subject + Verb + Object)
 A letter was written by Rita. (Object) + (auxiliary verb) + (past participle) (V3) + (by
subject).
 She cooks food. (Subject + Verb + Object)
 The food is cooked by her. (Object) + (auxiliary verb) + (past participle)(V3) + (by subject)

 While conversion of Active voice sentence to Passive voice sentence, the pronoun used
in the sentence also changes in the following manner.

Active Voice Pronoun Passive Voice Pronoun
I Me
We Us
He Him
She Her
They Them
You You
It It

Active and Passive Voice Rules for All Tenses

1. Active and Passive Voice Rules for Present Simple Tense

Active Voice Passive Voice

(Auxiliary Verb – is/am/are)
Subject + V1 ( Present form/ base form) +s/es+ Object+ is/am/are+ V3+ by + subject
object
Subject + Do/does+ not + V1 + Object Object + is/am/are+ not + V3+ by Subject

Does+ Subject+ V1+Object+? Is/am/are + Object+ V3+ by subject +?

Examples:

Active: He reads a novel.Active: Does he purchase books?
Passive: A novel is read.Passive: Are books purchased by him?

Active: They grow plants.Active: She teaches me.
Passive: Plants are grown by them.Passive: I am taught by her.

Active and Passive Voice Rules for Present Continuous Tense

Active Voice Passive Voice

(Auxiliary Verb- is/am/are + being)
Subject + is/am/are+ v1+ ing + object Object+ is/am/are+ being+ V3+ by + subject