Page 2 - psychological disorders

 Abnormal activity in releasing these neurotransmitters can lead to specific
psychological disorders.
 Low activity of neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) leads to
Anxiety disorder.
 Excess activity of dopamine can cause schizophrenia.
 Low activity of serotonin leads to depression.

2. Genetic factors:

 These are are linked to mood disorders, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety,
mental retardation and other disorders.
 It is not proved that there is a specific gene that causes that disorders, infact it
is a combination of genes which are responsible.
 Also there is a sound evidence that genes are responsible for all such
psychological disorders, but these are not the only factors.

3. Psychological model (psychological and interpersonal factors)-
 Have significant role in causing mental disorders and abnormal behaviour.
 These factors include
~ maternal deprivation (separation from mother or lack of warmth
during early years),
~ faulty parent-child relationships (rejection, overprotection,
permissiveness, faulty discipline)
~ maladaptive family ( inadequate or disturbed family),
~ severe stress.

4. Psychodynamic Model–
 Freud theory is the oldest and most famous model in psychology, which
describes that person’s behaviour normal or abnormal is determined by
psychological forces within which a person is consciously unaware of. As
Freud theory, it is a conflict between Id, Ego and Superego.

A. Behavioural model-
 Psychological disorders are the result of learning of maladaptive ways of
behaving.
 This model concentrates on the behaviours that are learned through
conditioning and can also be unearned. Learning can take place by classical
conditioning, operant conditioning.

B. Cognitive Model: