Page 2 - Lesson Notes - Biomolecules 1

Thus, ash formed contains inorganic elements like potassium, sodium, calcium,
magnesium, etc (inorganic compounds are also seen in the acid soluble fraction).
Cellular Pool
The sum total of different types of biomolecules, compounds and ions present in the
cell is called cellular pool. It contains more than 5000 chemicals.
List of Representative Inorganic Constituents of Living Tissues
Components Formula

Biomicromolecules
Biomicromolecules are small in size, with low molecular weight (18-1800 Da) highly
soluble (if polar) and have simple molecular conformation. Micromolecules can be
inorganic such as water, minerals salts, gases or organic compounds such as
sugars, amino acids, nucleotides, etc.
All these compounds mentioned above are soluble fraction of filtrate except the
lipids which occur as insoluble fraction of filtrate as they are mosdy found in cell
membrane and thereby forms vesicles, which are separated as an insoluble pool.
Various micromolecules in detail are as follows
1. Carbohydrates
These are the organic compound mainly made up of C, H and O. They are defined as
polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones. These are produced directly by the plants during
photosynthesis. Carbohydrates are also known as saccharides because their major
constituents are sugars.
These are divided into following types
i- Monosaccharides
These are simplest carbohydrates which cannot be hydrolysed further into smaller
components. These are generally composed of three to seven carbon atoms per
molecule.