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3.  Substituents are written first, then the last ‘e’ of the primary suffix is dropped
                              and the secondary suffix representing the functional group is added.

                          Rules for naming aliphatic compounds containing polyfunctional groups:

                          1.  In this case we have to follow priority order table. The functional group present
                              at the top is considered as main functional group for which suffix name is used
                              and other functional groups become substituents for which prefix name is used.
                          2.  Numbering is done to give lowest number to main functional group.
                          3.  Substituents are written first and then the suffix of the main functional group.
                          4.  The priority order of functional groups is:

                    -COOH > -SO3H > -COOR > -COCl > -CONH2 > -CN > -CHO > C=O > -OH > -NH2 > C=C > alkyne

                    Rules for naming alicyclic or ring compounds:

                       1.  These are named by adding prefix cyclo to the name of the alkane, alkene or alkyne.
                       2.  If the no. of carbon atoms in the ring and the side alkyl chain are same, then the alkyl
                          group is treated as substituent.
                       3.  If side chain contains multiple bond or functional group, then the ring is treated as
                          substituent irrespective of the size of the ring.

                       Rules for naming Aromatic compounds:

                       1.  For monosubstituted benzene, write name of substituent before the word benzene.
                       2.  If side chain contains functional group, then aromatic portion becomes substituent.
















                          Isomerism:
                          Compounds having same molecular formula but different properties due to different
                          structural arrangement are called isomers and the phenomenon is called isomerism.
                          Structural Isomerism:
                          Isomers differ by structural formula without any reference to space. It is of 4 types.
                          (i)Chain isomerism: Isomers differ by their carbon chain.
                          (ii)Position isomerism: Isomers differ by the position of substituents, multiple bonds
                          or functional groups.
                          (iii)Functional isomerism: Isomers differ by their functional groups.
                          (iv)Metamerism: Isomers differ by alky groups attached to same functional group.
                          Stereo Isomerism:
                          Isomers differ by structural formula with reference to space. It is of 2 types.
                          Geometrical or Cis-trans isomerism:
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