Page 7 - HOME ASSIGNMENT-1-(CH-2-CONTENT MAPPING )

 Those compounds which are used frequently by scientists, have been given
some common names, which are used widely.
 To solve the problem of naming these organic compounds, scientists use
their IUPAC names.

 IUPAC Nomenclature-
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has established
rules to systematize the naming of hydrocarbon molecules. A brief summary of
those rules is presented here.

Organic compounds may be –
i. Hydrocarbons
OR
ii. Derivatives of hydrocarbons.

Rules for naming them vary from each other.

 IUPAC Nomenclature of Hydrocarbons-
Hydrocarbons may be Single chained or branched structures-

I. Single chained hydrocarbons-

Single chained hydrocarbons are named basing on -

1. Number of carbon atoms present in the Hydrocarbon Chain-.

Prefixes are attached to the last syllable to indicate the number of carbons
atoms present in the hydrocarbon chain.

The IUPAC prefixes for the first twelve carbon chain lengths are:

1 2 3 4 5 6

meth eth prop but pent hex

7 8 9 10 11 12

hept oct non dec undec dodec

2. Types of bonds present –

 Single-bonded straight-chain hydrocarbon molecules (alkanes) is named using
the suffix -"ane."
 Double-bonded straight-chain hydrocarbon molecules (alkenes) is named using
the suffix -"ene."

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