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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, BHUBANESWAR.

                                          Class- IX: SOCIAL STUDIES – GEOGRAPHY

                                                     CHAPTER - 4- CLIMATE

                                                       (VIRTUAL CLASSES)

                                                          MODULE No.:07




               NOTES FOR CHAPTER-4- CLIMATE

               1.  Sub Topic- Seasons- Advancing Monsoon (Rainy Season) and
                   Retreating/Post Monsoons (The Transition Season) (pg 33-35)


               Advancing Monsoon
                     By the first week of June, low pressure conditions get intensified over the North
                       Indian Plains. Theseconditions attract the southeast trade winds which originate
                       from the Southern oceans.
                     These winds blow over the warm oceans and thus bring moisture and rainfall to
                       the country.
                     During the early monsoon season, the places located on the windward side of the
                       Western Ghatsreceive heavy rainfall up to 250 cm.
                     The northeastern parts of the country receive heavy rainfall. Mawsynram in
                       Meghalaya receives thehighest amount of rainfall in the world.
                     As we go from the east to the west, the rainfall decreases. Rajasthan and
                       Gujarat receive scantyrainfall.
                     Rain does not fall continuously during the monsoon season. Thus, there are dry
                       spells and wet spells.
                     Monsoons are uncertain and irregular.
               Retreating Monsoon
                     During October and November, the southwest monsoon winds become weaker
                       and start retreatingfrom the Northern Plains by the beginning of October.
                     The retreat is indicated by clear skies and an increase in the temperature in the
                       northern plains. Thisincrease in temperature is termed ‘October heat’.
                     At this time, the low pressure conditions shift to the Bay of Bengal, giving rise to
                       cyclonic depressions.
                     These cyclonic depressions often result in the destruction of life and property,
                       generally on the easterncoast and the southern coast.
                     Most of the rainfall in the Coromandel Coast is derived from depressions and
                       cyclones.
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