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(A) Cattle Farming / Husbandry
 Cattle farming / Husbandry is done for two purposes:

1. Dairy: for getting milk.
2. Draught: animals are used for agricultural tasks like tilling, irrigation and carting.

 On the above basis, the cattle are divided into two categories:
 Milch breeds (dairy animals): These include the animals which are kept for

obtaining milk. Indian milch cattle belong to two different species- Cows (Bos

indicus) and Buffaloes (Bos bubalis).
 Draught animals: These animals are used in agriculture and transportation.

Breeds of cow Breeds of

buffaloes
Indigenous/Local Exotic breeds Cross-breeds Murrah, Meshsana

breeds (resistant (long lactation (having desired and Surti

to diseases) period) qualities)
Sahiwal, Gir, Red Jersey, Brown Karan Swiss,

Sindhi, Swiss, Holstein- karan Fries,
Tharparkar friesian Frieswal

Breeding for the desired quality:

 Milk production depends, to some extent, on the duration of the lactation period,
meaning the period of milk production after the birth of a calf. So, milk production

can be increased by increasing the lactation period.
 The exotic breeds are selected for long lactation periods, while local breeds show

excellent resistance to diseases. The two can be crossbreed to get animals with

both the desired qualities.
 The breeding may be done by natural method or artificial insemination, i.e.,

injecting the semen obtained from the desired bull into the reproductive tract of
the desired cow.

 Some successful crossbreeds on these lines are:
(1) Karan Swiss: Crossbreed of Brown Swiss and Sahiwal.

(2) Karan Fries: Crossbreed of Holstein-Friesian and Sahiwal.

Farm Management Practices:
 Grooming and Shelter for cattle.