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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
                            VIRTUAL LEARNING MODULE 9 (4.1),     2020 – 21
                                                   Subject – Civics
                                        Chapter – 4: Understanding Laws
                                                     Class – VIII
                                      Sub topic 1: DO LAWS APPLY TO ALL?
                                                         Notes

               NOTES

               Pages: 42,43,44,45


                     You know the law regarding the age of marriage girls 18 and boys 21.

                     You know the age at which you can vote , i.e 18 years of age.

                     Laws dealing with buying and selling of property.

                     The Parliament is in charge of making laws and these laws apply to everyone
                       in this Country.


                   DO LAWS APPLY TO ALL?


                     The laws apply to all and there can be no – arbitrary exercise of power in

                       independent India.

                     The Constitution establishes the rule of law which means that all persons in
                       independent India are equal before the law.

                     The law cannot discriminate between persons on the basis of their religion,

                       caste or gender.
                     All laws apply equally to all citizens of the Country and no one can be above

                       the law.

                     Neither a government official, nor a wealthy nor even the President of the
                       Country is above the law.

                     Any violation of the law has a specific punishment.


                     In ancient India there were innumerable and often overlapping laws. Different

                       communities enjoyed different degrees of autonomy. In some cases the
                       punishment that two persons received for the same crime varied depending

                       upon their caste backgrounds with lower castes being harshly punished.
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