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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, BHUBANESWAR.
Class VIII: SOCIAL STUDIES – GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER - 3- MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES
(VIRTUAL CLASSES)
NOTES FOR CHAPTER-3- Mineral and Power Resources
SUBTOPIC- Non-Conventional Sources
Non-conventional sources of energy are renewable and unlimited in nature but are more
expensive since they need technological upgradation.
Energy from the sun, wind and tides, nuclear energy, energy from the earth and from decayed
organic matter are called non-conventional sources of energy.
Solar energy
is an inexhaustible and non-polluting form of energy
is the heat/light of Sun which is the primary source of all energy on the earth
Solar panel, made up of a number of solar cells that absorb solar energy and convert it into
electricity, are used to convert solar energy into heat and electrical energy
can be effectively used in tropical countries that receive abundant sunlight
Wind energy
is the energy generated from winds
is renewable, low-cost, safe and clean source of energy
Wind mills are used to produce electricity
Disadvantages of wind energy are
it contributes to noise pollution
can be harmful to birds
Tidal energy
is the energy generated from tides which are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and
the sun and the rotation of the earth
is a non-polluting and inexhaustible source of energy
Nuclear energy
is the energy stored in the nuclei of radioactive elements like uranium and thorium
is produced during nuclear fission when the nucleus is split
During nuclear fission huge amount of heat and light energy is released.
Geothermal energy
Geo = earth and thermal = heat
is the heat energy stored inside the earth
is clean and eco-friendly
can be seen dissipated on the earth’s surface in the form of hot springs, natural geysers and
volcanoes
Biogas
is also a renewable source of energy which is produced from biomass that includes wood from
trees, matter from dead plants and animals, waste from other plants, animal dung and kitchen
waste
can be used to generate electricity, light, heat, motion and fuel
is a low-cost source of energy, easy to operate, and uses bio-waste.

