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 In this process, sugar (glucose) breaks down into carbon dioxide and alcohol
with the production of energy.
 Alcohol and carbon dioxide are formed at the end of anaerobic respiration.
 The amount of energy released is much less as compared to aerobic
respiration.
 Several bacteria and fungi, such as, yeast can respire anaerobically.
 Yeast is also used in wine and beer industries.

Glucose (absence of oxygen) → Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + Energy

Anaerobic respiration in human beings

 Anaerobic respiration also happens in the muscle cells of our arms and legs.
 When someone performs physical activity, i.e., runs or walks, the body muscles
need a lot of energy for which they respire fast but do not get sufficient oxygen.
 In such situations, one may feel a throbbing pain in their muscles. This happens
because of deposition of lactic acid produced by anaerobic respiration instead of
alcohol. This is the reason why we get cramps.
 Once the person takes rest for some time, the pain goes away. As and when the
lactic acid breaks down slowly, we start to feel comfortable again.
 In this case, lactic acid is formed at the end of anaerobic respiration.

Glucose (absence of oxygen) → Lactic acid + Energy

Similarities between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

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