Page 17 - Lesson Notes

 He used the writings of scholars such as Bishop Joseph Butler’s

analogy of Religion, Three sermons on Human nature dominated the
moral philosophy syllabus of Bombay University in 1860s.
 His writings entitled the Texts of the Hindu Lawfulness of the

Remarriage of Widows and Vedic Authorities for Widow Marriage
elaborated the Shastric sanction for remarriage of widows.

3) JotibhaPhule
 JotibhaPhule came from a socially excluded caste and his attack was
directed against both caste and gender discrimination.

 He founded the SatyashodakSamaj in 1873 in Maharashtra. It’s
primary emphasis was on ‘Truth seeking’.

 The SatyashodakSamaj aimed to spread education among the aware
of their rights.
 To set free the Shudras from the exploitating policies of Brahmins.

 His first practical social reform efforts were to help two groups
considered lowest in traditional Brahmin Culture Women and
Untouchables.

4) The Social reform Movement among Muslims was led by Sir Syed
Ahmed Khan who worked for education of girls but within the
boundaries of their home.
 He strongly opposed the existing superstitions evil practices and

ignorance among the muslim society in India.
 He believed that the rigidity of the orthodox beliefs would pose a

threat to their future.
 He gradually realised the advantages of Western –style scientific
education and the way it can help in the progress of the Muslim
Community and started promoting it.

5) DayanandSaraswati founded AryaSamaj and was formally set by him

at Bombay in 1875
 Dayanand launched a frontal attack on Hindu orthodoxy, Caste
rigidities, Untouchability, idolatry etc.
 Inter-caste marriages and widow remarriages were also encouraged.

 Equal status for women was the demand of the Samaj.