Page 4 - Lesson Note 9

 You will find that the Preamble mentions two things about
equality: equality of status and equality of opportunity.

 Equality of opportunity means that all sections of the society

enjoy equal opportunities.

 The Constitution clarifies that the government can implement

special schemes and measures for improving the conditions of

certain sections of society: children, women, and the socially and
educationally backward classes.

 Article 16(4) of the constitution explicitly clarifies that a policy like

reservation will not be seen as a violation of right to equality. If

you see the spirit of the Constitution, this is required for the

fulfillment of the right to equality of opportunity.

RIGHT TO FREEDOM:

 Equality and freedom or liberty, are the two rights that are most

essential to a democracy. Liberty means freedom of thought,

expression and action.

 Freedoms are defined in such a manner that every person will
enjoy his/her freedom without threatening freedom of others and

without endangering the law and order situation.

 The foremost right among rights to freedom is the right to life and

personal liberty. No citizen can be denied his or her life except by

procedure as laid down under the law.
 Similarly no one can be denied his/her personal liberty. That

means no one can be arrested without being told the grounds for

such an arrest.