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Conservatism 1. Arose after the defeat of Napoleon in 1815 at the Battle of
Waterloo.
2. A political philosophy that stressed

 the importance of tradition, established institutions and customs
such as the monarchy, the church, social hierarchies
 preferred gradual development to quick change along with the
modern changes introduced by Napoleon

3. MAIN PURPOSE-

a) undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe
during the Napoleonic wars.
b) restoring the monarchies that were overthrown by Napoleon

4. Create a new conservative order in Europe, which

 were autocratic
 were intolerant to criticism and dissent
 adopted the censorship of press for curbing the liberal ideals
 discouraged any questions that challenged their legitimacy

Congress of The delegates were from
Vienna (1815)
 Britain
 Russia
 Prussia
 Austria (hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich)

Settlements drawn for Europe were as follows:

1. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed during the French
Revolution, was restored to power(Louis XVIII)
2. France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon.
3. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to
prevent French expansion in future.

i. Thus, the kingdom of the Netherlands, which included Belgium,
was set up in the north. = United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
ii. Genoa was added to Piedmont in the south.
iii. Prussia was given important new territories on its western
frontiers
iv. Austria was given control of northern Italy.
v. In the east, Russia was given part of Poland
vi. while Prussia was given a portion of Saxony.