Page 1 - 3. Lesson Notes- Ch-3 Mettalurgy-2

SAI International School
Class-X

Subject_ Chemistry
Topic-Metal & Non metals
Subtopic- General Metallurgy (part-2)

Lesson Notes
A. Extraction of Moderately reactive metals (Ores- Carbonates/Sulphides
converted into oxides by Calcination/roasting ) –

➢ The moderately reactive metals are extracted by the reduction of their
oxides with a reducing agent which may be-
i. Carbon OR
ii. A more reactive metal (than the metal to be extracted)
like aluminum, sodium or calcium.

➢ Reduction using Carbon as the reducing agent (Smelting)-
Reduction of Metal Oxides of moderately reactive metals is usually done by
heating them in presence of CARBON as the reducing agent.
This method of reduction is known as Smelting.
Example-
I. Calamine (ZnCO3)-
i. Calcination-

ii. Reduction (Smelting)-

II. Zinc Blend (ZnS)-

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