Page 1 - Lesson Notes
P. 1

SAI International School
                                           Subject- Biology, Class-VI
                                          Topic- Components of food
                              Subtopic – Roughage, Water, A balanced diet
                                                      Module- 7
                                                   Lesson Notes



               Other components of Food

               Roughage

                     Food from plants contain a lot of fibre in the form of cellulose.
                     This dietary fibre doesn’t have any nutritional value yet it is very important for
                       our body.
                     The dietary fibre or roughage adds bulk to the undigested food material and
                       helps in easy bowel movements and removal of undigested food.
                     Roughage prevents constipation and also keeps away diseases like cancer.
                     Fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains and pulses are food rich in roughage.


               Water

                     Water is essential for our survival. About 70% of our body weight is water.
                     Water is important as it helps -
                          a)  our body in absorbing nutrients
                          b)  in transporting substances inside our body.
                          c)  in removing wastes from our body in the form of urine.
                          d)  in regulating our body temperature.
                     Our body loses water continuously in the form of sweat, urine and vapour.
                     Dehydration is a condition caused by excessive loss of water from the body.
                     Drink about 6-8 glasses of water every day.
                     Vegetables, fruits, milk, juices are good sources of water.

               Balanced diet


                     A diet that contains all the necessary nutrients in the correct amount is termed
                       as a balanced diet.
                     The diet of a particular person depends on various factors, such as, age,
                       gender, physical activity done, whether healthy or suffering from any illness
                       etc.
                     Growing children and elderly people need more proteins in their diet.
                     Pregnant women need a diet rich in proteins, calcium and iron.
                     People who do more of physical activity need more energy, hence more of
                       carbohydrates.
                     People suffering from ill health should not consume too much of fatty food as
                       fats are difficult to digest.
   1