Page 3 - cbse-class-10-light-reflection-and-refraction

Reflection of Light by a Plane Surface:

The diagram depicts how a light ray is reflected by a plane surface. Assume MM'
is a reflecting surface. When a light ray strikes MM' in the direction IO, it is
reflected along the direction OR. The incident ray is denoted by IO, the point of
incidence by O, and the reflected ray by OR.

Let ON be the perpendicular normal to the surface MM' at the point of incidence.
The angle of incidence, denoted by the letter I is the angle formed by the incident
ray with the normal at the point of incidence. The angle of reflection 'r' is the angle
formed by the reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence. A reflecting
surface is something like a mirror.

Laws of Reflection:

The laws of reflection are observed to apply to any plane surface's reflection. The
incident ray, reflected ray, and normal at the point of incidence all lie in the same
plane, according to the laws of reflection. The angle of incidence equals the angle
of reflection.

Nature of Image Formed By a Plane Reflecting Surface:

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