Page 2 - Lesson Notes- Convection

Procedure:
1. Fill the glass with water.
2. Drop a few crystals of potassium permanganate gently at the bottom
center (do not stir).
3. Heat the bottom of the glass using a candle.
4. Watch how the colored water moves.

Observation:

• Colored water rises upward from the bottom.
• Cooler water moves down from the sides.
• A circular movement is seen — this is a convection current.

Conclusion:
Heat causes water at the bottom to rise, while cooler water sinks, forming a
convection current. This is how heat travels in liquids.