Page 1 - LN 5.1

SAI International School

CLASS-VI

Mathematics
CHAPTER 5 PRIME TIME
Lesson Notes

SUBTOPIC: Factors and Multiples

 Factors: A factor of a number is an exact divisor of that number.
Example - Factors of the number 4 are as following:
1 x 4 = 4; 2 x 2 = 4; 4 x 1 = 4. This shows that 1, 2 and 4 are factors of 4.

Factors are the numbers that can divide a number exactly. Hence, after
division, there is no remainder left.
 Factors of 1 = 1
 Factors of 2 = 1, 2 (∵ 1 × 2 = 2)

 Factors of 3 = 1, 3 (∵ 1 × 3 = 3)
 Factors of 4 = 1, 2, 4 (∵ 2 × 2 = 4)
 Factors of 5 = 1, 5 (∵ 1 × 5 = 5)

 Factors of 6 = 1, 2, 3, 6 (∵ 2 × 3 = 6)
 Factors of 7 = 1, 7
 Factors of 8 = 1, 2, 4, 8 (∵ 2 × 4 = 8)

 Factors of 9 = 1, 3, 9 (∵ 3 × 3 = 9)
 Factors of 10 = 1, 2, 5, 10 (∵ 2 × 5 = 10)

 Multiples: A multiple of a number is defined as a number which is a
product of that number and any other whole number.
Ex- Multiples of 4 are 4,8,12,16, 20, ………

 A number can have infinitely many multiples since multiples of a number
are obtained by multiplying it by natural numbers. Thus, we can write an
infinite number of multiples for a given number.

 Common Factors: When two (or more) numbers have the same factor,
that factor is known as a common factor.

Ex- The common factors of 12 and 16.
Factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.
Factors of 16 are 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16.