Page 1 - Lesson Notes_CL-9-Geo_CH-5-SUB-TOPIC-4

SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
(VIRTUAL CLASSES) – LESSON NOTES

Class - IX Geography
Chapter - 5 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

(VIRTUAL CLASSES) - MODULE-2.4
TYPES OF VEGETATION

Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs

 In regions with less than 70 cm of rainfall.

 The natural vegetation consists of thorny trees and bushes.

 This type of vegetation is found in the north-western part of the country
 The region includes- semi-arid areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh,

Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.
 Acacias, palms, euphorbias and cacti are the main plant species.

 Trees are scattered and have long roots penetrating deep into the soil in order to get
moisture.

 The stems are succulent to conserve water. Leaves are mostly thick and small to minimise

evaporation.
 These forests give way to thorn forests and scrubs in arid areas.

 In these forests, the common animals are rats, mice, rabbits, fox, wolf, tiger, lion, wild ass,
horses and camels.

Montane Forests

There is a succession of natural vegetation belts in the same order as we see from the

tropical to the tundra region.
In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to the

corresponding change in natural vegetation.
The wet temperate type of forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres.

Evergreen broad-leaf trees, such as oaks and chestnuts predominate.

Between 1500 and 3000 metres, temperate forests containing coniferous trees, like pine,
deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar, are found.

These forests cover mostly the southern slopes of the Himalayas, places having high altitude
in southern and north-east India.

At higher elevations, temperate grasslands are common.