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Distribution of Major Industries

• The iron and steel industry, the textile industry and the information technology industry are
world’s major industries.
• Iron and steel industries are located in Germany, USA, China, Japan and Russia.
• In India Iron and Steel industry base is found at Chota Nagpur Plateau which is rich in
mineral resources.
• Textile industries are located in India, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan and Taiwan.
• The Silicon Valley of Central California and Bengaluru region of India are the major hubs of
information technology industry.
• Emerging industries are also known as ‘Sunrise Industries’ and include Information
technology, Wellness, Hospitality and Knowledge.

Iron and Steel Industry

• Iron and steel industry comprises various inputs, processes and outputs and it is a mineral-
based industry.
• Inputs in this industry include raw materials such as iron ore, core and limestone, labour,
capital and other infrastructure.
• In processing iron ore is converted into steel by undergoing different stages like smelting
and refining.
• The process through which metals are extracted from their ores by heating beyond their
melting point is known as smelting.
• An output result obtained is the steel.
• Steel is the backbone of modern industry and is used as raw material for almost all
industries.
• Availability of raw materials, cheap labour, transport and market were a few advantages
that helped the iron and steel industry to develop in India.
• The important steel producing centres in India are
o Burnpur and Durgapur in West Bengal
o Bokaro and Jamshedpur in Jharkhand
o Bhilai in Chhattisgarh
o Rourkela in Orissa

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