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increased flooding. All these factors will damage or destroy agriculture
and fisheries.

iv. Disruption of habitats could lead many plants and animal species
to extinction.
v. Allergies, asthma, and infectious disease will become more common due
to air pollution.
b. Depletion of the Ozone layer
The ozone layer protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. it is found in the
upper regions of the stratosphere. The depletion of the ozone layer results in the entry of the
harmful UV rays of the sun to the earth’s surface that might lead to skin cancer and can also
change the climate drastically.

The major cause of this phenomenon is the accumulation of natural greenhouse gases including
CFCs, carbon dioxide, methane, etc.

Acid Rain

It is the precipitation of acid in the form of rain. When
atmospheric pollutants like oxides of nitrogen and sulphur
react with rainwater and come down with the rain, then this
results in Acid Rain.
Causes of Acid Rain
The statue of liberty which is made of copper has also been
damaged by the corrosion of acid rain.

Effects of Acid Rain
1. Acid rain is very harmful to agriculture, plants, and animals. It washes away all the
nutrients which are required for the growth and survival of plants. Acid rain affects
agriculture, as it alters the composition of the soil. It can make the soil acidic.
2. Acid rain affects the water bodies and eventually affects the aquatic ecosystem.
3. Acid rain also causes the corrosion of water pipes. Which further results in leaching of
heavy metals such as iron, lead or chemicals into drinking water.
5. For example, the Taj Mahal, which is made up of white marble
has now turned to yellowish due to corrosion due to acid rain.
This phenomenon is also known as marble Landfills.
Landfills also release carbon dioxide and methane gas that
adds to the greenhouse gases.
4. Images the buildings and monuments made up of stones and
metals.