Page 1 - MIND MAP STD 7 CH7 TOPIC 1

SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

STD VII SUBJECT – GEOGRAPHY

TOPIC-CHAPTER:7 HUMAN ENVIRONMENT-Settlement ,Transport and
Communication(lesson note)

SUB TOPIC-TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

TRANSPORT

 Transport is the means by which people and goods move.
 The four major means of transport are:
1. Roadways
2. Railways
3. Waterways
4. Airways

1.Roadways are most commonly used means of transport for short distance.

 Roads are classified into two types: a. Metalled

b. Unmetalled

 The plains have dense network of roads.
 Manali-Leh highway in the Himalayan mountains is one of the highest roadways in the
world.

 Golden Quadrilateral connects Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata.
 Roads built underground are called subways/underpath.
 Flyover are built over raised structure.

2.Railways carry heavy goods and people over long distance quickly and cheaply.

 The railway network is well developed over the plain areas.
 Indian railway network is largest in Asia.

 The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest railway system. It connects St. Petersburg in
western Russia to Vladivostok on the Pacific coast.

3.Waterways are the cheapest way for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distance.
 Waterways are of two types:-inland waterways