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Some of the causes of soil pollution are:

(i) Excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides pollutes the soil.
(ii) Plastic wastes which do not decay pollutes the soil.
(iii) Excretory products and untreated sewage water pollutes the soil.
(iv) Salination degrades the quality of the soil.

Soil Conservation:

Protection of soil against erosion and degradation is called soil conservation.

Soil can be conserved by the following ways:

(i) Afforestation or planting more trees. The roots of trees bind the soil
particles together and prevent soil erosion.
(ii) Terrace farming done by farmers in hilly areas prevent the top soil from
being washed away by water.
(iii) Crop rotation can prevent soil degradation.
(iv) Dams and embankments control flood and prevent soil erosion.

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