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Ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys = 24:16 = = = 3:2

The ratio in both the cases is 3:2.
So, 30:20 and 24:16 are equivalent.
N.B:
 The ratios 30:20 and 24:16 in lowest form are same as 3:2. These are equivalent ratios.
 The ratios having same value are called equivalent ratios.
 We can get equivalent ratios by multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by
the same number.
Example: Give two equivalent ratios of 6 : 4.

By multiplying: = =

By dividing: = =

So, 3:2 and 36:24 are equivalent ratio of 6 : 4.
3) Word problems (NCERT, Ex-12.1, pg-252)
Q.15) Mother wants to divide Rs 36 between her daughters Shreya and Bhoomika in the
ratio of their ages. If age of Shreya is 15 years and age of Bhoomika is 12 years, find how
much Shreya and Bhoomika will get.
SOLUTION:
Method-1:
Shreya’s age: Bhoomika’s age = 15 : 12 = 5:4
Total parts = 5 + 4 = 9
So, Rs 36 is to be divided into 9 equal parts.

Shreya’s share = of Rs 36 = x Rs 36 = 5 x Rs 4 = Rs 20

Bhoomika’s share = of Rs 36 = x Rs 36 = 4 x Rs 4 = Rs 16

Therefore, Shreya will get Rs 20 and Bhoomika will get Rs 16.
Method-2:
Shreya’s age: Bhoomika’s age = 15 : 12 = 5:4
Let Shreya’s share be 5x
And Bhoomika’s share be 4x.
According to question,
Shreya’s share + Bhoomika’s share = Rs 36
Or, 5x + 4x = Rs 36
Or, 9x = Rs 36

Or, x =

Or, x = 4
Hence, Shreya’s share = 5x = 5 x 4 = Rs 20
Bhoomika’s share = 4x = 4 x 4 = Rs 16