Page 5 - #18120130101

• To further strengthen the movement and unity among fellow Indians he joined
hand with Khilafat Movement. Khilafat Movement was led by Mohammad Ali and
Shaukat Ali and it demanded restoration of the respect of the Caliphate.
• According to Gandhiji by intermixing of Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Movement,
the two major religious commuities i.e. Hindus and Muslims could collectively
bring an end to colonial rule.
• Students refused to go to schools, colleges, lawyers stopped to going courts,
working class went on strike, tribes in Andhra Pradesh violated forest laws and
farmers in Awadh stopped paying taxes.
• American biographer of Mahatma Gandhiji, Louis Fisher wrote “Non-Cooperation
became the name of an epoch in the life of India and Gandhiji. It was negative
enough to be peaceful but positive enough to be effective. It entailed denial
renunciation and self-discipline. It w’as training for self-rule.” Due to this
movement British government was shaken.
• In February 1922, Gandhiji called off Non-Cooperation Movement due to
untowards incident of burning of police stations in Chauri Chaura in which several
constables were burnt to death.
• During the Non-Cooperation Movement, thousands of Indians were put in jail and
Gandhiji was arrested in March in 1922, charged with sedition and awarded him
six years of imprisonment.

The Salt Satyagraha:

• In year 1928, there was Anti-Simon Commission Movement in which Lala Lajpat
Rai was brutally lathicharged and later he succumbed to it. In year 1928, another
famous Bordoli Satyagraha took place. So again by the year 1928 political
activism started brewing in India.
• In 1929, Congress session was held at Lahore and Nehru was elected as its
President. In this session “Purna Swaraj” was proclaimed as motto, and on 26th
January, 1930 Republic day was observed.

Dandi (Salt) March:

• After Republic day observance, Gandhiji announced his plan of march to break
salt law. This law was widely disliked by Indians, as it gave state a monopoly in
manufacture and sale of salt.
• On 12th March, 1930 Gandhiji began his march from ashram to ocean. He
reached to shore and made a salt and thereby making himself criminal in sight of
law. Many parallel salt marches were undertook during this time in other parts of
the country.
• Movement was supported by peasants, working class, factory workers, lawyers
and even Indian officials in British government supported it and
• left their jobs. Lawyer boycotted the courts, peasants stopped paying taxes and
tribal broke forest laws. There were strikes in factories or mills.