Page 4 - LN-CH-10[1]

MICROBES AS BIOFERTILIZERS:
 Biofertilizers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil.
 Main biofertilizers are the bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria.
 Rhizobiumform root nodules in legumes and fix atmospheric nitrogen.

 Azospiriliumand Azotobacter free living bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen and thus increasing nitrogen
content of the soil.
 Mycorrhiza: fungi symbiotically associated with root of plants.

 Many members of the genus Glomus form Mycorrhiza.
o Provide phosphorus to the plants from the soil.
o Make the plant resistant to root-borne pathogen.
o Increase tolerance to salinity and drought.

 Cyanobacteria like Anabaena, Nostoc, and Oscillatoria etc:
o Fix atmospheric nitrogen.
o add organic matter to the soil and
o Increase soil fertility.

 DO : Dissolved Oxygen
 GAP : Ganga Action Plan
 KVIC : Khadi and Village Industries Commission
 TMV : Tobacco Mosaic Virus
 YAP : Yamuna Action Plan
 IPM: Integrated Pest Management.