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  Non  essential  amino  acids:  which  are  systhesized  by  our  body  e.g. glycine  alanine,  serine,
                        cysteine, glutamine, tyrosine, proline, aspartic acid, asparagine.
                      Iso electric point:  The pH  at  which dipolar  ion  (zwitter  ion)  exists  as neutral  ion  is
                        equal and it does not migrate to either electrode. This is called isoelectric point.
                      Fibrous  protein:  protein  which  have  long  and  thread  like  structure.  Molecules  are
                        held together by hydrogen bond e.g. keratin, collagen myosin, firoin.
                      Globular protein: protein which have long and thread like structure. Molecules are
                        held together by hydrogen bond e.g insulin, thyroglobin, albumin, haemoglobin and
                        fibrinogen.
                      Structure of protein:









                      Denaturation  of  protein:  the  process  of  disruption  of  the  native  conformation  of
                        protein is called denaturation e.g. on keeping the egg in boiling water for some time
                        the egg albumin gets denaturated.
                      Enzymes: These are biocatalysts which catalysed biochemical reactions.
                      Rennin : the enzyme which is used in cheese.
                      Phenylketone:  It  is  disease  caused  by  the  deficiency  of  the  enzyme  phenylalanine
                        hydroxylose.
                      Albinism: It is disease caused due to deficiency of tyrosinose.
                      Vitamins                             Deficiency disease
                        A                                 Night blindness, xerophthalmia
                        B1                                Bari beri
                        B2                                Ariboflarinosis
                        B6                                Nervous disturbance
                        B12                               Pernicious anaemia
                        C                                 scurvy, pyrohea
                        D                                 rickets and osteomalasia
                        E                                 infertility
                        K                                 heomophillia
                        H                                 dermatitis, loss of hair and paralysis
                        Q10                               low  order  of  immunity  of  body  against  may
                        diseases
                      Fat soluble vitamis – A, D K, E
                      Water soluble vitamins: Vitamin B and C
                      Avitaminosis  :  Mutiple  deficiencies  caused  by  lack  of  more  than  one  vitamin.  This
                        condition is known as avitaminosis.
                      Nucleosides: A base joined to sugar molecule is called nucleoside.
                      Nucleotides:  These are made  up of  a heterocyclic base, containing  nitrogen,  a five
                        carbon sugar and a phosphate group. e.g. AMP, ADP, ATP.
                      RNA: The nuclei acids contain ribose sugar. It contains adenine, guanine cytosine and
                        uracil. Three types of RNA are m-RNS, r-RNA, t-RNS.
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