Page 4 - Microsoft Word - Lesson note-1(haloalkanes and haloarenes)

Stereoisomerism – Isomerism exhibited by two or more compounds with the same
molecular & structural formulae, but different spatial arrangement of atoms or groups in
space is called stereoisomerism.

Enantiomers : Those stereoisomer’s which are mirror images of each other but non-
superimposable are called enantiomess e.g. d(+) glucose & l (-) glucose are enantiomers.

Chirality – An object whichis non-super imposable on its mirror image is said to be chiral.
The property of being chiral is known as chirality.

Asymmetric Carbon :- Carbon atoms which is attached with four different group of a forms
is called asymmertric carbon.

Racemic mixture – A mixture containing equal amounts of two enantomers an does not
show any optical activity. It is noted by d (or  ) mixture. It canbe optically resopved into
optically active dextro and laevo forms.

Diastereoisomers – Those pairs of stereoisomers which are not mirror images of each other.

Meso Compounds – Those compounds which have two or more (even no) of chiral carbon
atoms a have a internal plane of symmetry are called meso compounds they are optically
inactive.