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1.  Barrier Method - It is the creation of a mechanical barrier so that sperm does not reach
                 the egg.

                a)  Condoms
                       One of the most effective contraception.
                       A  mechanical  barrier  that  stops  the  semen  from  entering  the  female  tract
                        preventing pregnancy.
                       It also avoids the possibility of contracting STDs

                b)  Diaphragms
                       Diaphragms are barriers that can be  fitted over the cervix  in the vagina of the
                        female reproductive tract.
                       They  stop  the  entry  of  semen  inside  the  female  tract  and  thus  prevents
                        pregnancy

            2.  Chemical method - This includes foam, tablets, jellies, creams, spermicides that are
                 used  by  females  and  are  placed  in  vagina.  These  chemicals  adhere  to  the  mucus
                 membrane and immobilise and kill the sperms.
                 a) Contraceptive (oral) Pills
                       They are mainly hormonal preparations and contain estrogen and progesterone.
                       They change the level of hormones in the body that prevents the release of the
                        ovum from the ovaries. they can cause side-effects too

                 b) Emergency Pill
                       Emergency  pills  are  those  pills  which  can  be  taken  after  coitus  to  avoid
                        pregnancy.
                       They quickly change the level of hormones in the body and prevent a successful
                        implantation even if the egg gets fertilized.

                 c) Vaginal Pill
                       Vaginal  pills  are  drug  preparations  which  contain  spermicides  and  are  used
                        before copulation by females.
                       If either of birth control pills mentioned above is taken during pregnancy, they do
                        not  increase  the risk  of miscarriage nor  cause birth  defects. Both  types  of  birth
                        control  pills  prevent fertilization mainly  by  inhibiting ovulation and  thickening
                        cervical mucus. They may also change the lining of the uterus and thus decrease
                        implantation. Their effectiveness depends on the user's adherence to taking the
                        pills.

            3.  IUCD


                    These are contraceptive devices made of copper, plastic or stainless steel.
                    A copper-T is inserted into the uterus, changing its shape and preventing successful
                     implantation of the zygote.
                    Other IUCD devices are Loop, Spiral ring, Bow and Shield.
                    The drawbacks of these devices are bleeding and discomfort and irritation of the
                     uterus.

            4.  Natural Methods

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