Page 1 - 3.LESSON NOTES-(CH-2 PH OF ACIDS & BASES)

SAI International School
Class-X

Subject_ Chemistry
Topic- Acids, Bases & Salts
Sub Topic- pH of Acids & Bases

LESSON NOTES

➢ [pH] OR Potenz of Hydrogen ion Concentration in a Solution-

• pH stands for potential of hydrogen with-

• “p” meaning potential and
• “H” standing for hydrogen

• pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution,

ie. a measure of-
+
▪ acidity [conc. of H ions]
or
-
▪ alkalinity [conc. of (OH) ions] of a solution.

• An aqueous solution may be –
a. Neutral
b. Acidic
c. Basic
Depending on the concentration of H+ ion.

• In a neutral solution,

+
+
The concentration of H ions {represented as [H ]} is equal to the
-
-
concentration of (OH) ions {represented as [OH ]}

-
+
Hence in a neutral solution, [H ] = [OH ]
• In an acidic solution,
+
+
The concentration of H ions {represented as [H ]} is more than the
- -
concentration of (OH) ions {represented as [OH ]}
+ -
Hence in an acidic solution, [H ] > [OH ]

• In a basic solution,

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