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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCH              OOL, BHUBANESWAR.
                                Class VIII: SOCIAL STUDIES – GEOGRAPHY

                                     CHAPTER - 6- HUMAN RESOURCES

                                               (VIRTUAL CLASSES)


                                   NOTES FOR CHAPTER-6- HUMAN RESOURCES

        SUBTOPIC-  Population Change


              Population change refers to the change in the number of people, during a specific time, due to
               birth, death and migration.
              Life expectancy is the number of years that an average person can expect to live.
              The imbalance in the birth rate and the death rate is the major cause of the sudden change in
               the world’s population.
                   o  Birth rate is the number of live babies born in a year for every 1000 people in the total
                       population.
                   o  Death rate is the number of people dying per 1000 people.
                   o  The difference in the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the natural
                       growth rate.
                   o  There is no natural growth if birth rate and death rate are at the same level.
              A rapid increase in population is referred to as population explosion. If the birth rate is more
               than the death rate then there is an increase in population.
              A decrease in population is known as depopulation. If the death rate is more than the birth rate
               then there is a decrease in the population.
              The movement of people into and out of an area can also change the size of a population in
               that area. This movement is called migration.
                   o  People who leave a country are called emigrants.
                   o  People who arrive in a country are called immigrants.
                   o  The main reason behind international migrations is search for better employment
                       opportunities.




        Pattern of Population Change


              The pattern of population growth varies from country to country.
              Not all countries experience the population growth even though the world’s total population is
               increasing at a fast pace.
              There are varying conditions of birth rate and death rate all around the world. Kenya  and
               United Kingdom are examples followed by India and china.
              The present population of the world is 7.6 billion and is expected to be rise to 9.6 billion by
               2050.
              By 2020 India is expected to surpass the population of China.
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