Page 1 - 1-Lesson Notes-X-Geo-Ch-3-Sub Topic-1

SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
SESSION 2020-21
CLASS-X
GEOGRAPHY- Ch-3-Water Resources
NOTES
Sub Topic-1- Introduction, Water Scarcity, Need for Water
Conservation and Management

1. Sub Topic- Introduction, Water Scarcity, Need for Water Conservation and
Management
A. – Introduction

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Water covers nearly 3/4 of the Earth’s surface.
• 96.5% of the total water on Earth is in oceans.
• 2.5% is freshwater that exists in rivers and glaciers.
India receives 4% of the world’s rainfall and it ranks 133 in terms of water availability per person in
a year.

B. Water Scarcity

Meaning- Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet water demand

Reasons for Water Scarcity in India
• Low rainfall
• Unequal distribution of water resources
• Increasing demands because of the rapidly rising population

• Large scale industrialization
• Increased requirement of irrigation owing to the continuous expansion of
agriculture
• Increasing urbanization
• Bad quality of water due to discharge of industrial wastes and chemicals

Need for Water Conservation and Management

The need of the hour is to conserve and manage our water resources:

• To safeguard ourselves from health hazards.
• To ensure food security.
• Continuation of our livelihoods and productive activities.