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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SESSION 2020-21

CLASS-X

ECONOMICS- Ch-2- SECTORS OF INDIAN ECONOMY

LESSON NOTES

SUB-TOPIC- 3

Where are most people employed

i. Where are most of the people employed?
a. The primary sector continues to be the largest employer even now.
b. It is because not enough jobs were created in the secondary and
tertiary sectors.
c. Even though industrial output or the production of goods went up by
more than nine times between the period of 1972-72 and 2011-12.
d. While production in the the service sector rose by more than 14 times,
employment in the service sector rose around five times.
e. As a result, more than half of the workers in the country are working in
the primary sector, mainly in agriculture, producing only a quarter
th
(1/4 ) of the GDP. In contract to this, the secondary and tertiary
sectors produce three-fourth of the produces whereas they employ less
than half the people.
f. What it means is that there are more people in agriculture than is
necessary. So, even if you move a few people out, production will not
be affected. In other words, workers in agricultural sector are under
employed.
g. UNDER EMPLOYMENT- When more than required numbers of people
are engaged in productive activities and where production is not
affected even by their absence, it is called underemployment. This
kind of unemployment is also called disguised unemployment. In rural
areas, the agricultural sector and daily wage earners, such as painters
and plumbers, in urban areas show that underemployment conditions
prevail.