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                                     SAI  INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

                                               SESSION 2020-21
                                                    GRADE  -VI
                                                   GEOGRAPHY

                                                    CH-4:MAPS

               SUB –TOPIC : COMPONENTS OF MAP

               1.DISTANCE:


                     Maps are two-dimensional drawings. It reduces the entire world or a part
                       of the world on a small sheet of paper. While making a map,
                      cartographers pay attention to properly represent the distance between
                       two places. This helps us in finding the actual distance between two
                       places.
                     A suitable scale is used for this purpose.
                      For example of distance between Delhi and Patna; which is about 1000
                       km. On a map, this may be shown by a ten centimeter long line. In that
                       case, one centimeter on the map represents 100 km. So, the scale of the
                       map is 1 cm = 100 km.
                       There are two types of scales to be used for this purpose.

               1)Small Scale Map: When a large area is shown on a small map, such a map is
               called a small scale map. Example; map of a country or state.

               2)Large Scale Map: When a small area such as a village is shown on a map,
               such a map is called a large scale map. A map of a neighbourhood is another
               example of large scale map. A large scale map gives more details compared to
               a small scale map


                       2.DIRECTION:

                     most of the maps, you will usually see an upward arrow and the letter
                       ‘N’. This shows the north direction.
                      Once we know the north, we can easily find the other directions. North,
                       South, East and West are the four major directions. These are called
                       Cardinal Directions.
                      Some maps also show the intermediate directions, viz. north-east,
                       south-east, south-west and north-west.

               Compass: Compass is very useful for finding directions at a place. This is a
               small circular box with a magnetic needle inside. The needle of the compass
               always points in the north-south direction. Compass has been used by
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