Page 1 - Chap-1-Competency based Worksheet

SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
SUBJECT - GEOGRAPHY

CLASS -VIII

CHAPTER-2- Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

1. Classify land on the basis of ownership. Give suitable examples.
Ans. On the basis of ownership Land can be classified as:
I] Private land- land owned by private individuals.
II] Community land- land owned by the community for common uses like collection of fodder,
fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs.
2. Suggest any three ways to conserve land.
Ans: - Land can be conserved by using the following measures:
1. Afforestation i.e. Planting of trees.
2. Control on overgrazing by creating more pastures lands.
3. Stabilising the sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
4. Controlling mining activities by using technology.
5. Regulating the use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers.

3. ‘Landslides are defined as the mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope.’ Discuss
different types of mitigation mechanism for landslides.
Ans. Mitigation mechanism for landslides: -
A] Hazard Mapping to locate prone areas.
B] Construction of retention walls
C] Increase vegetation cover
D] Surface drainage control mechanism.
E Afforestation and Reforestation.
4. Explain the major factors of soil formation.
Ans. The major factors affecting soil formation are:
A] The type of Parent rock –determines the colour, texture, chemical properties, mineral
content, and permeability.
B] The relief and topography of a place- altitude, slope.
C] Flora and Fauna and Micro-organisms- affect the rate of humus formation.
D] Climate – temperature and rainfall influencing the rate of weathering formation of humus.
E] Time- determines the thickness of the soil profile.

5. Draw the diagram of soil profile and define the main process through which soil is formed?

Ans. Soil is formed mainly by the process of
weathering.
Weathering is defined as the natural process of
breaking of rocks by the difference in
temperature, rainfall, frost action and by the
actions of plants and animals.